Thousands of firefly species all flash in different patterns, not only flashing in rhythms, but also performing specific flight choreographies simultaneously. The timing and pattern of these firefly flashes are unique to each species. In Bioluminescence for Orchestra, I translated firefly behavior data from Prof. James E. Lloyd's “Studies on the Flash Communication Systems of Photinus Fireflies” into an orchestral piece. Rhythmic patterns of light and insect movement are the material for both melodic and rhythmic figures.
Bioluminescence is light produced by a chemical reaction within a living organism. Most bioluminescent organisms are found in the sea. These bioluminescent marine organisms include fish, bacteria, and jellyfish. Some bioluminescent organisms, including fireflies and fungi, are found on land. Bioluminescence is used by living things to hunt prey, defend themselves against predators, find mates, and for other vital activities.
Recent studies show that the number of fireflies is declining. Light pollution (from human-generated light) disrupts insect courtship behavior because it occurs in the dark. Artificial extension of daylight into the night disrupts fireflies' dark-light cycles and behavior.